Alteratives are herbs that will restore the proper function of the body and increase health and vitality. Generally they act to alter the body’s processes of metabolism so that the body can heal. These work in a variety of ways from helping with nutrition to elimination. Many of these types of herbs improve the ability of the body to eliminate waste through the kidneys, liver, lungs or skin.

Alteratives can be used safely in many diverse conditions as supportive remedies, but should be thought of first where chronic inflammatory or degenerative conditions exist. These would include the skin diseases, various types of arthritis and the wide category of auto-immune problems.

Alteratives & their Secondary Actions

Anti-Catarrhal Action:

Echinacea, Garlic, Golden Seal, Nettles, Poke Root, Wild Indigo

Anti-Inflammatory Action:

Blue Flag, Bogbean, Cleavers, Golden Seal, Guaiacum, Sarsaparilla

Anti-Microbial Action:

Blood Root, Buchu, Chaparral, Echinacea, Garlic, Golden Seal, Pasque Flower, Poke Root, Wild Indigo

Anti-Spasmodic Action:
Black Cohosh, Blood Root, Garlic, Pasque Flower, Red Clover

Astringent Action:

Golden Seal, Nettles

Bitter Action:

Bogbean, Burdock, Golden Seal

Diaphoretic:

Garlic, Queen’s Delight, Sarsaparilla, Guaiacum

Diuretic Action:

Blue Flag, Bogbean, Buchu, Burdock, Cleavers, Nettles, Sarsaparilla, Guaiacum

Emmenagogue Action:

False Unicorn Root, Black & Blue Cohosh

Expectorant Action:

Blood Root, Mullein, Red Clover

Hepatic Action:

Blue Flag, Bogbean, Burdock, Garlic, Golden Seal, Fringetree, Mountain Grape, Poke Root, Yellow Dock

Hypotensive Action:

Black Cohosh, Garlic, Nettles

Nervine Action:

Black Cohosh, Pasque Flower, Red Clover

Vulnerary Action:

Cleavers, Golden Seal

Alteratives for different parts of the body

There are certain herbs that are well suited to different body systems.

Circulatory system:

The actions of these herbs are not specifically for this system but they will aid in circulation which helps the body operate at its peak. The lymphatic aspect of this system is aided by Cleavers, Poke Root, Chaparral and Echinacea.

Respiratory system:

The main Alteratives for the lungs and Respiratory system as a whole are Mullein, Blood Root, Liquorice, Garlic and Golden Seal.

Digestive system:

The Alteratives that will work on the liver, pancreas and other digestive organs are of great importance in herbal medicine. A small selection would include Blue Flag, Burdock, Bogbean, Fringetree, Garlic, Golden Seal, Nettles, Sarsaparilla and Yellow Dock.

Urinary system:

Many herbalists that use these herbs for diuretics are also urinary alteratives. These possibly include Buchu, Cleavers, and Bearberry.

Reproductive system:

The general types of Alteratives are of value to this system but the specific Alteratives that aid this system are Black Cohosh, Blue Cohosh, False Unicorn Root, Golden Seal, Raspberry leaves, and Saw Palmetto.

Muscles and Skeleton:

Many Alteratives are important here including Black Cohosh, Bogbean, Bladderwrack, and Burdock.

Nervous system:

By helping the body to be whole, all Alteratives aid the strained nervous system, but Pasque Flower and Red Clover are especially helpful as Alteratives with a nervine action.

Skin:

The skin system is where most Alteratives are used so the list of herbs is extensive. Alteratives often used for the skin are Burdock, Cleavers, Echinacea, Figwort, Fumitory, Mountain Grape, Red Clover, Sarsaparilla and Yellow Dock.

Alterative Herbs

Black Cohosh-Blood Root-Blue Flag-Bogbean-Burdock-Chaparral-Cleavers-Echinacea-Figwort-Fringetree-Fumitory-Garlic-Guaiacum-Golden Seal-Mountain Grape-Nettles-Pasque Flower-Poke Root-Queen’s Delight-Red Clover-Sarsaparilla-Sassafras-Wild Indigo-Yellow Dock

Names : Knitbone

How to Collect This Herb: The roots should be unearthed in the spring or autumn when the allantoin levels are the highest. Split the roots down the middle and dry in moderate temperatures of about 40-60 degrees C.

Part Used: Root and rhizome, leaf.

Vulnerary, demulcent, anti-inflammatory, astringent, expectorant.

The impressive wound-healing properties of Comfrey are partially due to the presence of allantoin. This chemical stimulates cell proliferation and so augments wound-healing both inside and out. The addition of much demulcent mucilage makes Comfrey a powerful healing agent in gastric and duodenal ulcers, hiatus hernia and ulcerative colitis. Its astringency will help hemorrhages wherever they occur. It has been used with benefit in cases of bronchitis and irritable cough, where it will soothe and reduce irritation while helping expectoration.  Comfrey may be used externally to speed wound-healing and guard against scar tissue developing incorrectly. Care should be taken with very deep wounds, however, as the external application of Comfrey can lead to tissue forming over the wound before it is healed deeper down, possibly leading to abscesses. It may be used for any external ulcers, for wounds and fractures as a compress or poultice. It is excellent in chronic varicose ulcers. It has a reputed anti-cancer action.

Combinations: For gastric ulcers and inflammations it combines well with Marshmallow and Meadowsweet. For chest and bronchial troubles use it with Coltsfoot, White Horehound or Elecampane. For wound healing use with Calendula.

Preparations & Dosage:

Decoction: put 1-3 teaspoonfuls of the dried herb in a cup of water bring to the boil and let simmer for l0-l5 minutes. This should be drunk three times a day.

Tincture: take 2-4 ml of the tincture three times a day.

Typical Places Found: Cultivated widely, particularly in Europe and America.

How to Collect This Herb:  The aerial parts are collected just before the flowers open.

Part Used: Aerial parts.

Carminative, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, aromatic, diaphoretic, anti-emetic, nervine, anti-microbial, analgesic.

Peppermint is an excellent carminative, having a relaxing effect on the muscles of the digestive system, combats flatulence and stimulates bile and digestive juice flow. It is used to relieve intestinal colic, flatulent dyspepsia and associated conditions.  The volatile oil acts as a mild anesthetic to the stomach wall, which allays feelings of nausea and the desire to vomit.  It helps to relieve the nausea & vomiting of pregnancy and travel sickness.  Peppermint can play a role in the treatment of ulcerative conditions of the bowels. It is a traditional treatment of fevers, colds and influenza.  As an inhalant it is used as temporary relief for nasal catarrh.  Where headaches are associated with digestion, Peppermint may help.  As a nervine it eases anxiety and tension. In painful periods, it relieves the pain and eases associated tension.  Externally it is used to relieve itching and inflammations.

Combinations: For colds and influenza it may be used with Boneset, Elder Flowers and Yarrow.

Preparations & Dosage:

Infusion: pour a cup of boiling water onto a heaped teaspoonful of the dried herb and leave to infuse for l0 minutes. This may be drunk as often as desired.

Tincture: l-2ml three times a day.